ISO 13196:2013
土質.使用手持式或便攜式儀器進行能量色散X射線熒光光譜法的選定元素用土壤篩選

Soil quality - Screening soils for selected elements by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry using a handheld or portable instrument

適用范圍: This International Standard specifies the procedure for screening soils and soil-like materials for selected elements when handheld or portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometers are used. This quick method is assumed to be applied on-site to obtain qualitative or semiquantitative data that assists decisions on further sampling strategy for assessing soil quality. The higher the efforts for pretreatment used on soil samples, the better the analytical results can be expected. This International Standard does not explicitly specify elements for which it is applicable, since the applicability depends on the performance of the apparatus and the objective of the screening. The elements which can be determined are limited by the performance of the instruments used, the concentration of the element present in the soil and the requirements of the investigation (e.g. guideline value). For Hg, Cd, Co, Mo, V and Sb, a majority of instruments are not sensitive enough to reach sufficiently low limits of quantification (LOQ) to meet the requirements (limit or threshold values) set in the ordinances of different countries. In this case, other methods need to be employed to measure these low concentrations. Usually wet chemical methods are used, based on aqua regia extracts, in combination with optical or mass spectrometric (MS) methods like atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) or ICP-MS.

術語	描述
基本參數法 fundamental parameter approach	Method to obtain element composition through successive approximation of the theoretical X-ray fluorescence intensities to the measured X-ray fluorescence intensities.
手持式XRF光譜儀 handheld XRF spectrometer	XRF spectrometer which can be used for in-situ analysis by handheld operation.
便攜式XRF光譜儀 portable XRF spectrometer	XRF spectrometer for samples taken out of a site, which can be carried to the site by hand.

X射線熒光光譜儀電池供電的手持或便攜式能量色散型X射線熒光光譜儀(ED-XRF)	用于現場測定土壤中選定元素的濃度。
勺子非金屬勺子（如塑料、陶瓷）	用于從現場取土樣并分散樣品。
采樣和制備容器塑料杯或托盤	能夠容納足夠量的土壤樣品，塑料材料應足夠堅固以在壓碎團聚體時保持形狀。